Attribution Theory Attribution theory: study of how we make decisions concerning the events we experience and factors that cause people’s behaviour People attribute behaviour to dispositions: consistent personality characteristics [...]
Hedonism Seeking of pleasure and avoidance of pain Spencer said: Pleasurable behaviour has survival value: pleasurable behaviours are adaptive and random responses leading to pain became less probable; similar [...]
Goal object: incentive that motivates us Incentives: important for us to reach or avoid a goal; motivate behaviour o Learned o Differ in value for us at diff moments [...]
Pavlovian Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning: neutral stimulus gains ability to elicit response b/c of association w/other stimulus that automatically elicited that response in the past o Conditioned: learning is [...]
Drive theory: motivation of behaviour depends on a physiological need (i.e. hunger) that organism becomes aware of by specific stimuli (i.e. hunger pang), which directs the organism to search [...]
Arousal Theory Assumes behaviour changes as we become more aroused Motivation is on continuum of behavioural action ranging from: low levels of arousal = coma or sleep vs. high [...]
Early Instinct Theories (know all) Some theorists saw animals having rationality + instinctive behaviours and humans having rational mind + instinctively controlled behaviours Nominal fallacy: naming something instinct does [...]
The Concept of Motivation Describes forces acting on or within organism to initiate and direct behaviour Constant flow of behaviour directed toward diff goals; thus, motivation is directed toward [...]
Imprinting: filial attachment – infant to their mother. And the mother’s attachment to the infant. Imprinting responses of the infant elicit nurturing responses of the mother. Another process in [...]
Basic process for development in social animals Process that occurs early in infancy An instinct-based response towards the infant and their mother. If the mother is not there, they [...]
Heredity: implying something is fixed, and is unalterable. This is contrasted with behaviour which is environmentally caused independent of genes and can be readily changed. Nature vs. Nurture [...]
Ecology: the study of the relationship between animals and their environment Behaviorual ecology: animal behaviors and their environment Socioecology: relationship of an animal’s social behaviour and their environment Ecological [...]
2 verities of animal studies Selective breeding studies: manipulate heredity which keeping environment constant Mice: breed 2 mice high in traits and low in traits. Raise the animal [...]
4.5 billion years ago earth. First signs of animal life was a billion years after that. First forms were simple, and bacterial. First 3 billion years, nothing more [...]
Difficulties in studying acculturation Acculturation is the process by which people migrate to and learn a culture that is different from their original or heritage culture. Acculturating individuals move [...]
Interpersonal Attraction Important to contrast the similarities and differences in the ways people go about trying to make themselves more attractive o Ex: Women in Paduang in Thailand [...]
Horizons in landscape scenes are painted considerably higher in East Asian pictures than in Western ones Figures in portraits were much larger in Western picture than they were in [...]
Your underlying reasons for things speak to your motivations, and these reflect a great deal about how you understand yourself and the world around you The things that motivate [...]
WHO AM I The nature of ourselves strongly influences the ways we perceive and interact with our social worlds People all over the world are able to think of [...]
Culture shape the many norms we have in our lives Ex: distance of talking space. There is no good evidence for such kinds of population differences in genes underlying [...]
