{"id":3996,"date":"2018-07-27T14:36:41","date_gmt":"2018-07-27T18:36:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/?p=3996"},"modified":"2018-11-02T00:53:03","modified_gmt":"2018-11-02T04:53:03","slug":"conflict","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/social-psychology\/conflict\/","title":{"rendered":"Conflict"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>What Creates Conflict?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Social Dilemmas<\/li>\n<li>Competition * Perceived Injustice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Creating Conflict: Social Dilemmas<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Social Dilemmas<\/li>\n<li>Social trap<\/li>\n<li>Situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing its self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior<\/li>\n<li>Examples<\/li>\n<li>The \u201cPrisoners Dilemma\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Resolving social dilemmas<\/li>\n<li>Regulation<\/li>\n<li>Safeguard the common good<\/li>\n<li>Make the group small<\/li>\n<li>Communication<\/li>\n<li>Change the payoffs * Appeal to altruistic norms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Creating Conflict: Competition<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Competition<\/li>\n<li>Realistic group conflict<\/li>\n<li>Win-lose competition<\/li>\n<li>Negative images of the other groups<\/li>\n<li>Strong in-group cohesiveness<\/li>\n<li>Pride<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Creating Conflict: Perceived Injustice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Perceived Injustice<\/li>\n<li>People perceive justice as equity<\/li>\n<li>Distribution of rewards in proportion to individuals\u2019 contributions<\/li>\n<li>If one contributes more and benefits less, he will feel exploited<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How Can Peace Be Achieved? <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Contact<\/li>\n<li>Cooperation * Communication<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Creating Peace: Contact<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Predicts decreased prejudice<\/li>\n<li>Friendship<\/li>\n<li>Those who form friendships with out-group members develop more positive attitudes toward the out-group<\/li>\n<li>Equal-status contact<\/li>\n<li>Contact on an equal basis<\/li>\n<li>To reduce prejudice, interracial contact should be between persons equal in status<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Creating Peace: Cooperation<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Common external threats build cohesiveness<\/li>\n<li>Subordinate goals foster cooperation<\/li>\n<li>Shared goal that necessitates cooperative effort<\/li>\n<li>Group and subordinate identities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Creating Peace: Communication<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bargaining<\/li>\n<li>Seeking an agreement to a conflict through direct negotiation between parties * Tough bargaining may lower the other party\u2019s expectations, but can sometimes backfire<\/li>\n<li>Mediation<\/li>\n<li>Attempt by a neutral third party to resolve a conflict by facilitating communication and offering suggestions<\/li>\n<li>Integrative agreements<\/li>\n<li>Win-win agreements that reconcile both parties\u2019 interests to their mutual benefit<\/li>\n<li>Arbitration<\/li>\n<li>Resolution of a conflict by a neutral third party who studies both sides and imposes a settlement<\/li>\n<li>Final-offer arbitration<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Motivates each party to make a reasonable proposal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What Creates Conflict? Social Dilemmas Competition * Perceived Injustice Creating Conflict: Social Dilemmas Social Dilemmas Social trap Situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing its self-interest,&hellip; <a class=\"continue\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/social-psychology\/conflict\/\">Continue Reading<span> Conflict<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[102],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3996"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}