Yerkes-Dodson Law-<\/strong> Explains the relationship between physiological arousal and performance (related to glucocorticoids- stress hormone) *Chart about stress and stuff<\/p>\n

Deindividuation- <\/strong>Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension; occurs in group situations that foster responsiveness to group norms, good or bad; Leads to loosening normal constraints on behavior and an increase in impulsive and deviant acts<\/p>\n

Factors: Group size, Physical Anonymity, Arousing and Distracting Activities<\/p>\n

Groups<\/strong><\/p>\n

Benefits:<\/p>\n

\n
1. Providing info<\/li>\n
2. Helping us define our identity<\/li>\n
3. Establishes social norms for behavior<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

   Functions:<\/p>\n

   \n
   1. Social Norms: <\/strong>guidance as to which behaviors are acceptable<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      (consequences of violating these behaviors)<\/p>\n

      \n
      1. Social Roles<\/strong>: Provide well-defined roles, or shared expectations about how particular people are supposed to behave (Advantages: Roles facilitate social interaction; Disadvantages: Loss of personal identity, Acting inconsistently with social roles may have severe consequences)<\/li>\n
      2. Group Cohesiveness:<\/strong> The qualities of a group that bind members together and promote liking between group members. (Negatively correlated with group attrition, participating in group activities, recruiting new members??) Can interfere with task performance<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         Group effects on an individual\u2019s behavior<\/strong><\/p>\n

         Social Facilitation<\/strong>– by the mere presence of others, dominant responses are strengthened whether correct or incorrect; occurs when individual efforts can be evaluated<\/p>\n

         -Improves performance on simple, well-learned tasks<\/p>\n

         -Impairs performance on complex, unfamiliar tasks<\/p>\n

         Zanonc\u2019s theory of Social Facilitation:<\/strong><\/p>\n

         \n
         1. Alertness- <\/strong>Peoples behavior isn\u2019t perfectly predictable, vigilance is required for potential interactions<\/li>\n
         2. Evaluation Apprehension-<\/strong> Concern for how individuals are evaluating your performance<\/li>\n
         3. Distraction- <\/strong>Divided attention: attending to task and presence of others<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Social Loafing-<\/strong> Tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal; Occurs when individual efforts can NOT be evaluated.<\/p>\n

            -Impairs performance on simple tasks<\/p>\n

            -Improves performance on complex tasks<\/p>\n

            Group effects on an Individual\u2019s Opinion<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Group Polarization-<\/strong> Group produced enhancement of members\u2019 preexisting tendencies; a strengthening of member\u2019 average tendency, not a split within the group<\/p>\n

            Theories:<\/p>\n

            Persuasive Arguments Interpretation-<\/strong>Occurs because individuals present their most persuasive arguments favoring their initial judgments and that individuals will thereby be confronted with arguments they have not previously considered<\/p>\n

            Social comparison Interpretation- <\/strong>in order to be liked, people first check out how everyone else feels and then take a position similar to everyone else\u2019s but a little more extreme<\/p>\n

            Pluralistic ignorance- <\/strong>a false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling, or how they are responding<\/p>\n

            Group Think-<\/strong> mode of thinking that persons engage in when concurrence-seeking becomes so dominant in a cohesive in-group that it tends to override realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action<\/p>\n

            Janis\u2019s theory of Groupthink:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Factors<\/p>\n

            \n
            1. Cohesiveness of the group<\/li>\n
            2. Isolation of the group from dissenting viewpoints<\/li>\n
            3. Directive Leaders (makes his or her wishes known)<\/li>\n
            4. Poor decision\u2013making procedures<\/li>\n
            5. High stress situation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               Symptoms:<\/p>\n

               \n
               1. An illusion of invulnerability<\/li>\n
               2. A belief in the moral correctness of the group<\/li>\n
               3. Stereotyped views of the out-group<\/li>\n
               4. Self-censorship<\/li>\n
               5. Direct pressure on dissenters to conform (mind guards)<\/li>\n
               6. Mind guards, appointed to protect the leader from contrary viewpoints<\/li>\n
               7. An illusion of unanimity<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Why groupthink results in poor decision-making <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                  1. Poor information search<\/li>\n
                  2. Failure to examine the risks of the favored alternative<\/li>\n
                  3. Failure to develop contingency plans<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                     Prevention<\/p>\n

                     \n
                     1. Be impartial<\/li>\n
                     2. Encourage critical evaluation<\/li>\n
                     3. Occasionally subdivide the group, then reunite and air differences<\/li>\n
                     4. Welcome critiques from outside experts and associates<\/li>\n
                     5. Call a second-chance meeting<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                         <\/p>\n

                         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        Yerkes-Dodson Law- Explains the relationship between physiological arousal and performance (related to glucocorticoids- stress hormone) *Chart about stress and stuff Deindividuation- Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension; occurs in… Continue Reading Group Influence<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[102],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4005"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4005"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4005\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amyork.ca\/academic\/zz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}